Oven prep: Preheat the oven to 400°F and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.
Season the butternut squash: In a large bowl, toss the butternut squash with the garlic powder, sage, and freshly cracked black pepper.
Cook the squash and olives: Spread the butternut squash over the sheet pan, leaving a space reserved in the corner of the pan for the Kalamata olives. Place the olives in the corner, spreading them out so they cook evenly. Roast the squash and olives for 30 to 35 minutes, or until the squash is fork-tender and the olives are slightly crispy.
Make the ramen: While the squash and olives are roasting, bring a large pot of water to a rolling boil. Add the ramen noodle cakes and reduce the heat to a low boil. Using tongs or a fork, gently separate the noodles as they cook. Continue to cook at a low boil for 4 to 5 minutes, or until the noodles are soft and spongy. Drain with a colander. Cover the noodles to keep them warm while you make the sauce.
Blend the sauce: Remove the cooked squash and olives from the oven. Carefully add the squash and ¼ cup of the broth to a blender and blend until smooth. If you want a thinner, more liquidy sauce, add additional broth until it reaches your desired consistency. Taste and add more pepper or spices, if desired.
Serve: Serve a portion of the ramen on a plate or large bowl. Top with the butternut squash sauce and garnish with the roasted olives.